3/15/2023 0 Comments Pitfall trap rsLagler (1943) and Petokas and Alexander (1979) used floating pitfall traps to catch turtles in lakes and ponds. Configuration of three 5-m drift fences and pitfall traps suggested by Corn (1994). Details regarding the configuration, construction, and maintenance of drift fences and associated traps are provided in Gibbons and Semlitsch (1981), Jones (1986), Corn (1994), and Dodd and Scott (1994).įigure 8.1. Funnel traps may be used in place of pitfall traps. Hard plastic buckets with 3-liter ( Shields 1985), 8-liter ( Raphael, 1988 Corn and Bury, 1990), or 19-liter ( Dodd and Scott, 1994) capacity make the most effective containers (pitfalls) because they are resistant to collapse and moisture-induced deterioration ( Dodd and Scott, 1994). Material, such as aluminum flashing and plastic sheeting ( Dodd and Scott, 1994), of some predefined length and height is erected to serve as a barrier to redirect ground-traveling individuals into an open container or containers buried to the rim in the ground ( Fig. Data were then pooled, by summation to give in each field a year-total estimate of the pitfall count of each species sampled.ĭrift fences and pitfall traps are commonly used to trap amphibians and reptiles in order to assess species distribution and compile species lists ( Friend, 1984 Bury and Corn, 1987). (1986) and Aukema (1990) for Carabidae Fjellberg (1980) for Collembola Unwin (1988) for Staphylinidae and Roberts (1993) for Araneae. Nomenclature followed Lindroth (1974), Forsythe (2000), Speight et al. Collembola and staphylinid beetles were counted at the family level. dentipalpis) and the species Lepthyphantes tenuis. All species of carabid beetles were counted and identified, as were five taxa of Araneae: the families Linyphiidae and Lycosidae, the genus Pardosa, Erigone agg. When returned to the laboratory, the samples were preserved by freezing or placement in 70% alcohol, before identification under a binocular dissecting microscope. These dates were chosen both to reflect the invertebrate phenologies and the timing of herbicide management. On each occasion traps were opened for two weeks. Trapping was conducted in the spring (April/May) and summer (June/July), and in the late summer (August) for the spring-sown crops and in the autumn (September/October), spring (April/May) and summer (June/July) for winter oilseed rape. Transect numbers 1, 5, 7 and 12 were used for pitfall trapping, and these were chosen to avoid the proximity of other experimental protocols where possible. Twelve traps were distributed across each half-field, with single traps positioned at 2, 8 and 32 m from the crop edge along 4 of 12 transects ( Fig. Each was two-thirds filled with a 50:50 mixture of tap water and ethylene glycol as a preservative. Pitfall traps were used to survey populations of invertebrates active at the soil surface (after Luff, 1996) and consisted of 6 cm diameter plastic cups, sunk in the ground with the cup-lip level with the soil surface.
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